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Ein-Gedi Excavations
Ein-Gedi Excavations
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Ein Gedi Oasis Excavations
Past, Present and Future
By Dr. Gideon Hadas, Kibbutz Ein Gedi
Ein Gedi is one of the most beautiful places in the world, if not the most… a combination of stony desert mountains, green oasis fed by mountain springs and the many-coloured Dead Sea, the lowest place in the world. Its geology and history are equally fascinating. The ancient Jewish village of Ein Gedi was inhabited in Biblical times and destroyed and rebuilt again and again over the centuries. Before the founding of kibbutz Ein Gedi in 1956 it had not been inhabited for 500 years.
The Ein Gedi oasis site lies at the foot of the Judean Mountains, on the western shore of the Dead Sea, between the nature reserves of Nahal David and Nahal Arugoth. In between is the settlement spur, where the village was built over the period of many years and where, at the eastern part, is the Byzantine period synagogue, roofed today by a large tent. To the north are the mango groves of kibbutz Ein Gedi, and to the east are plantations of date palms. To the west, high above the settlement is the vast Judean desert.
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In January 2011 we are opening an old/new site. We intend to reveal a few dwelling houses by the synagogue that were partly excavated in the 70's: "The Coins Hoard House" and the large house that might be "Halfi House".
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The first excavations in Ein Gedi, directed by Professor B. Mazar in the 60's, uncovered the First Temple settlement at Tel Goren and the Chalcolithic temple. In the 70's Professor D. Barag and Dr. Y. Porat excavated the Byzantine synagogue and started to reveal a few buildings. In 1995 I cleaned the lanes and bulks that remained there since the 70's.
From 1996-2002 Professor Y. Hirschfeld uncovered the adjoining Byzantine village. I worked with him during these seven years as an area supervisor.
After Professor Hirschfeld announced that he was ending his work in Ein Gedi, I took upon myself to carry on the study of the oasis. In this I was encouraged and helped by a devoted team of international volunteers who understand the importance of continuing this work. So was born the archaeological expedition of the Ein Gedi Oasis Excavations.
Between 2003 to 2010 we, the Ein Gedi Oasis Excavations delegation, uncovered part of a Jewish village from the late Second Temple (Roman) period. We have uncovered some ten houses all of the same period, complete with the clay vessels used by their inhabitants and the ovens where every family baked its own bread. We also exposed a lane between the houses and now have a better understanding of the rural Jewish settlement which was here ca. 2000 years ago.
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Over the years of excavation it became clear that the Jewish settlement in Ein Gedi began at the end of the First Temple Period in the 7th century BCE, and ended in the 6th century CE. That is to say, in the Ein Gedi oasis, Jewish settlement existed continuously for about a thousand years. It was assumed that all during this period, the permanent dwellings of the settlement in Ein Gedi were only built along the natural ridge on which lies Tel Goren and the Byzantine village.
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Now, the expedition is ready to combine together the site of the Ancient Synagogue of Ein Gedi with the late Prof. Hirschfeld's excavation of the Byzantine village nearby. The target is to save it from neglect and to enrich the visitors understanding there, with a complete experience of visiting the 6th century village with its synagogue.
The expedition also intends to continue looking for the magnificent Hasmonean or Herodian palace awaiting discovery somewhere in the oasis. Many architectural elements from such a building have been found — in the Roman Bath, where its capitals were reused as paving stones, and in many places in the village, reused as building stones.
Ultimately, we envisage a complete archaeological park between the two nature reserves of Nachal David and Nachal Arugoth encompassing Jewish settlement from the First Temple, Roman and Byzantine periods.
updated October 2010
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The excavations and processing the finds rely exclusively on donations, which can be sent to:
Israel Exploration Society
Ein Gedi Oasis Excavations directed by G. Hadas
POB 7041
5 Avida St.
Jerusalem 91070
Israel
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Or to:
Bank Hapoalim
Branch 690
King George St. 16
Jerusalem, Israel
Account no. 100497
Name of the account:Â Israel Exploration Society
Ein Gedi Oasis Excavations directed by G. Hadas
Fax 972-2-6247772
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 Instructions for transfer of funds via P.E.F.
To: P.E.F. Israel Endowment Funds, Inc.
317 Madison Avenue, Suite 607
New York, NY 10017
USA
Attention: Mr. Ben Harrison Frankel, President
Tel. 212-599-1260
Fax. 212-599-5981
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